深圳社会科学

“躺平”作为一种新颖的网络用语和行为方式，在青少年特别是大学生中流行开来，它诞生于“内卷化”的社会环境中，是解构主义与网络流行亚文化的发展、弥合。“内卷”社会背景下，“躺平”成为青年人的重要应对态度与策略，逐渐成为普遍现象，映射出新时代中国青年群体的心理征候。研究运用扎根理论研究方法，对“躺平”大学生开展深度访谈，聚焦大学生眼中的“躺平”是什么、为什么、怎么样等问题。从大学生主体视角出发可以获悉，“躺平”多发生在学习工作领域，大学生在面对现实与理想的落差时，通过适度降低个体需求、调整行动目标、转移注意力的方式缓解压力，并且将“躺平”作为标识身份、圈层交流的表达方式。在话语表达与行为实践中，“躺平”除了被赋予的消极放弃内涵定义外，还具备调节个体身心、强化主体意识、促进良性竞争等正向影响，对大学生应对个体困境和社会压力具有重要作用。“躺平”是把双刃剑，高校教育者应在辩证视野下认识“躺平”，关注“躺平”大学生的心理动态和认知结构，增强思想政治教育的精准度和有效性，顺势而为，通过贴合年轻人的话语形式进行价值观的正向引导，充分理解和运用“躺平”的正向作用，降低“躺平”的负面影响，促进大学生身心健康发展，全面成长成才。

As a novel network language and behavior, “lying flat” is popular among teenagers, especially university students. It was born in the social background of “inner volume”, and in the development and healing of deconstruction and network subculture. Under the background of “involutional” society, “lying flat” has become an important coping attitude and strategy for young people, and it has gradually become a common phenomenon in society, reflecting the psychological symptoms of the Chinese youth group in the new era. The research adopts the qualitative grounded theory as the research method. and focuses on the what, why and how of “lying flat” in the eyes of college students through in-depth interviews with college students who are “lying flat”. From the perspective of college students, it can be learned that “lying flat”mostly occurs in the field of study and work. When facing the gap between reality and ideals, college students alleviate stress by moderately reducing individual needs, adjusting action goals, and diverting attention,and they use “lying flat” as a way of identifying their identity and expressing their circle communication.In discourse expression and behavioral practice, “lying flat” is not only defined as a negative abandonment connotation, but also has positive effects such as regulating individual body and mind, strengthening subject consciousness, promoting healthy competition, and plays an important role in college students' coping with individual difficulties and social pressure. In fact, “lying flat” is a double-edged sword. College educators should recognize “lying flat” from a dialectical perspective, pay attention to the psychological dynamics and cognitive structure of “lying flat” college students, enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of ideological and political education, and take advantage of the situation, provide positive guidance of values through the form of discourse that fits the young people, fully understand and use the positive effect of “lying flat”, reduce the negative impact of “lying flat”, promote the physical and mental health development of college students,thereby achieving comprehensive growth and success.