深圳社会科学

古人对中国古代建筑的感知的原初意识首先凝固在古汉字中，古代建筑的最初“文本”可求诸古汉字，作为象形文字的古汉字与作为现实空间的古建筑有着天然而内在的通贯性。中国古代建筑文化的丰富思想很多都凝结在一个个的汉字中。汉字隶变以前的甲骨文、金文、秦篆的古文字阶段，汉字与图画较多地保持着一种联系，以形义联结为主，是研究古建与汉字关系的基本材料。人们通过取象、比类、表情等方式，远古建筑从其局部构件到外观形象，从结构到整体，掩印在古文字之中，古人的感觉、知觉、心理、行为、制度等在古文字中可见一斑。在汉字的构形、本义、转义、暗喻等不同的运用中，存在着古人有关建筑活动、建筑形象、建筑心理等蕴含，很多汉字就是一个空间概念、一个居住范畴。相对汉字结构中古建意象的固化，汉字形体的书写艺术可称得上是古建意象的虚化，中华书法就其抽象的线条造型和流动的形态节奏而言，兼有古建视觉造型和可视性的旋律之美。就汉字搭配而言，很多成语表现出中国传统建筑文化的多元的意义和多向的价值，无论是从古建的本体还是从古建与外物的关系来看，都有相关成语进行表述。通过考察汉字的字符构形及作为词或词素的单个汉字所展示出的建筑文化意象，探究作为表形文字、表意文字的古汉字在其构形、组词、使用、书写等多方面体现的古代建筑文化意义。

The original consciousness of the ancients' perception of Chinese architecture was first solidified in ancient Chinese characters. The original “text” of ancient architectural construction can be found in ancient Chinese characters. Ancient Chinese characters as hieroglyphs have natural and coherent continuity with ancient architecture as visual space. Many of the rich thoughts of Chinese ancient architectural culture are condensed in Chinese characters. In the ancient writing stage of oracle bone inscriptions, bronze inscriptions, and Qin seal scripts before the transformation of Chinese characters to official scripts, Chinese characters maintained a close relationship with pictures, mainly connecting framework and meaning, and were the basic materials for studying the relationship between ancient Chinese architecture and Chinese characters. People use methods, such as imagine, analogize, and empathize to conceal ancient architecture from its partial components to its external image, from structure to the whole, in ancient writing. The feelings, perceptions, psychology, behavior, and systems of ancient people can be seen in ancient writing. In the different applications of configuration, original meaning, escape and metaphor of Chinese characters, there are implications of ancient architectural activities, architectural image and architectural psychology. Many Chinese characters are a kind of spatial concept and residential category. In contrast to the solidification of ancient architectural imagery within Chinese character structures, the art of writing Chinese characters can be regarded as the abstraction of such imagery. Chinese calligraphy, with its abstract line forms and fluid rhythmic patterns, embodies both the visual modeling of ancient architecture and the melodic beauty of visibility. In terms of character combinations, many idioms reflect the diverse meanings and multidimensional values of traditional Chinese architectural culture. Whether viewed from the essence of ancient architecture or its relationship with external elements, relevant idioms provide corresponding expressions. By investigating the configuration of Chinese characters and a single Chinese character as a word or morpheme which display the architectural cultural images, this paper explores the ancient architectural cultural significance embodied in the configuration, word formation, use, calligraphy and other aspects of ancient Chinese characters as pictographs and ideographs.